Description
SS-31 Peptide (Elamipretide): Benefits and Scientific Evidence
1. Mitochondrial Protection & Bioenergetics
SS-31 binds to the mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin, stabilizing cristae structure and enhancing oxidative phosphorylation, while dampening intrinsic apoptosis through inhibition of BAX activation.
PubMed 34022923
2. Reduced Oxidative Stress & Age-Related Decline
SS-31 reverses age-related redox imbalance and restores mitochondrial quality in aged skeletal muscleโboosting endurance without increasing mitochondrial biogenesis.
PMC 6588449
In aged mice, it also restores cardiac diastolic function and reduces hypertrophy and ROS levels.
eLife 55513
3. Renal & Glomerular Health
In aged mice, SS-31 improves mitochondrial morphology, reduces glomerulosclerosis and cellular senescence, and preserves podocyte and endothelial integrity.
PubMed 28063595
It also shows promise in ameliorating acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic renal disease by attenuating mitochondrial ROS and permeability transition.
PubMed 35707274
4. Neurovascular & Neuroprotective Effects
In aged mice, SS-31 restores neurovascular coupling by improving NO-mediated dilation, leading to enhanced memory and motor coordination.
PubMed 29405550
It also protects microglial cells from LPS-induced mitochondrial damage by suppressing Fis1-mediated mitochondrial fission.
PubMed 31582222
5. Musculoskeletal & Tendon Repair
SS-31 shows potential to enhance mitochondrial function in degenerative tendons, promoting repair in tendinopathy models.
PubMed 35862638
It also counters cancer-associated muscle wasting by preserving mitochondrial ATP levels and fiber integrity.
PubMed 33670497
6. Pain & Headache Relief via Mitochondrial Restoration
In a mouse headache model, SS-31 restored mitochondrial health in trigeminal neurons and reduced pain behaviors via activation of the SIRT3/PGC-1ฮฑ pathway.
PubMed 37271805
References
PLEASE NOTE THAT ALL PRODUCTS FEATURED HERE ARE INTENDED EXCLUSIVELY FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PURPOSES. THEY ARE NOT DESIGNED FOR ANY FORM OF HUMAN CONSUMPTION. THESE PRODUCTS HAVE NOT UNDERGONE EVALUATION BY THE U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION.
Taken together, these studies show SSโ31โs potential to mitigate neuroinflammationโdriven cognitive deficits and to restore mitochondrial redox homeostasis, thereby enhancing both brain function and physical endurance in preclinical models.
